For the first time in India’s history, female voter turnout surpassed male turnout in the 2019 general elections, a trend expected to continue upwards. This shift is notable given India’s traditionally male-dominated political landscape and persisting gender disparities in labor force participation and other forms of political engagement. The rise in female turnout is attributed to factors like increased literacy, media exposure, and the Election Commission’s targeted voter education programs.
Political parties have taken notice, implementing women-centric welfare schemes such as cash transfers and subsidies to attract female voters. However, despite these gains, significant challenges remain. Women continue to have less autonomy in vote choice and are underrepresented in both candidacy and legislative roles.
While rising female turnout is an encouraging development, it must be complemented by broader efforts to enhance women’s participation in political, economic, and social spheres, ensuring their role extends beyond being voters to becoming equal citizens shaping India’s democracy.